How to solve the problem of multiple base station signal conflict?

In the wireless communication system of large venues, the signal conflict of multiple base stations will seriously affect the communication quality, and the problem of signal conflict of multiple base stations can be solved from multiple dimensions, such as frequency planning, base station layout and parameter adjustment, application of technical means, optimization management and monitoring.

  1. Frequency Optimization

Reasonable application and allocation of frequency bands: Apply for adequate and suitable dedicated frequency bands, such as 350MHz or 800MHz dedicated network frequency bands, from radio administration departments. Adopt refined frequency multiplexing technology to divide the frequency band into multiple sub-bands according to the physical area of the venue and the coverage area of the base station, and allocate them to different base stations. For example, for base stations in close proximity, the same or similar frequencies are avoided to reduce same-frequency interference.

  Dynamic Frequency Allocation (DFA): Deploy a dynamic frequency allocation system to monitor the signal environment around each base station in real time and collect information on the frequency and intensity of interfering signals. When interference is detected, the system automatically reallocates clean frequency channels for the affected BTSs to ensure communication stability.

  2. Scientific Layout of Base Stations and Adjustment of Parameters

Reasonable Planning of Base Station Location: Through professional wireless signal simulation software, the venue is modeled to simulate the signal coverage and interference under different base station locations. The main base station is set in the high point to ensure a wide range of signal coverage; micro-fill base station is based on the distribution of the functional areas of the venue, targeted deployment, to avoid mutual obstruction or overlap of the signal between base stations. At the same time, we should fully consider the distance between the base station and the surrounding signal sources, away from broadcasting and television towers, mobile communication base stations and other facilitates that may produce interference.

  Adjusting the transmit power : Adjust the transmit power precisely according to the coverage area of the BTS and the actual communication demand. Too much power can easily lead to signal overflow and cause interference; too little power can lead to insufficient coverage. With the help of signal strength detection equipment, real-time monitoring of the signal strength of the base station, to achieve dynamic adjustment of power, so that the signal can meet the coverage requirements, but will not interfere with other base stations.

  Optimize antenna parameters: choose the right type of antenna, such as directional antenna or omni-directional antenna, and adjust the antenna height, angle and polarization. For the area that needs directional coverage, adopt directional antenna to focus the signal in a specific direction to reduce signal spreading and interference; by adjusting the height and angle of the antenna, accurately control the coverage area of the signal to avoid conflict with the signals of other base stations; use different polarization methods, such as horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, to reduce the interference between the signals.

  3. Utilizing advanced technical means

Frequency shortcut technology: Equip the base station with frequency shortcut function, so that it can quickly and automatically switch to an uninterfered frequency for communication when it encounters interference. This technology can complete frequency switching in milliseconds, effectively avoiding the continuous impact of interference on communication.

  Digital signal processing technology: digital signal processing technology is applied in the base station and terminal equipment to filter, noise reduction, error correction and other processing of the received and transmitted signals. Interference signals are removed by digital filters, and errors occurring during signal transmission are corrected by using error correction coding technology, to improve the anti-interference ability of signals and communication quality.

  Diversity technology: space diversity, time diversity, frequency diversity and other diversity techniques are used. Spatial diversity reduces the impact of multipath interference by using multiple antennas at the base station and terminal to receive signals from different paths; time diversity improves the reliability of signals by repeating the transmission or reception of signals; and frequency diversity avoids interference on a single frequency by sending the same information on multiple frequencies.

  4. Strengthening management and monitoring

Establishing a perfect network management system: centralized management of multi-base station system, real-time monitoring of base station operation status, signal quality, channel usage and other parameters. Through the network management system, signal conflict problems can be found in time and remotely diagnosed and handled. Meanwhile, the system can generate detailed operation reports to provide data support for subsequent optimization.

Regular on-site testing and optimization: Arrange professional technicians to conduct regular on-site testing of wireless signals in the venues, using spectrum analyzers, signal strength testers and other equipment to detect the signal coverage, strength, interference, etc. According to the test results, the location and parameters of the base station are adjusted and optimized to ensure that the system is always in the best operating state.